The authors propose a new view of educational sphere development, in which philosophic categories of the fundamental and applicable knowledge are considered as two cross-processes of learning the reality and pole between which design and technological activities are carried out. This makes it possible to consider any pedagogical project as a compromise solution, a middle aspect, by establishing multiple agreements between the stated poles. Taking into account the dual biosocial nature of a human and the same dual educational task, during implementation of the educational activities there are possible pedagogical variations, which is characterized by a huge diversity. A principle of necessity and reasonable sufficiency of stated categories’ relations is justified in education and training of specialists.