In the article discusses the relationship between the concepts of cultural space, the environment and the cultural field of the person; identifies the main components of the culture medium surrounding the child's primary school age is determined by the nature many methodological approach to the formation of the cultural field among junior student. Particular attention is paid to the study of the reception of art in historical and cultural context: defines the general principles of such work on the lessons of literary reading, discussed types of studies on fables in historical and cultural context.