DOI: 
http://dx.doi.org/10.15293/1813-4718.2104.06
UDC: 
355.233.237
Novikov Ivan Nikolaevich
Adjunct, Perm Military Institute of the National Guard Troops of the Russian Federation, fightnew@mail.ru, Perm

Theoretical Foundations of Professional Education of Students of Military Institutes.

Abstract: 
At present, the education of Rosgvardia personnel in line with their professional activities plays an important role in maintaining high combat readiness of the troops of the National Guard of the Russian Federation, as well as successfully completing service and combat missions for their intended purpose in a timely manner. Taking into account changes in the legislative framework, experience in conducting hostilities and performing service and combat tasks, conducting exercises, prospects for the development of organizational forms and technical equipment of troops, as well as tactics of enemy actions, it is relevant to build up the education of Rosguard personnel on a strictly scientific basis using the latest scientific achievements. Purpose – to study the main approaches to the interpretation of the term “professional education”, to identify and reveal the factors that influence the development of professional qualities of the personnel of the Russian Guard. Research methods. Used theoretical research methods, such as - study, analysis, generalization, analysis and modeling. Research results. Based on the analysis of scientific literature, five main approaches to the interpretation of the term “professional education” are considered: value, system, identity, personal and activity. Based on the analysis of the above approaches, by professional education of Rosgvardia personnel, we mean the process of purposeful development and self-development of professionally significant personal qualities of servicemen (employees) in the context of service and professional activities, as well as the purposeful work of commanders and chiefs (control bodies) to organize service – combat activity, stimulating the manifestation of a set of professional and personal qualities in servicemen (employees), necessary for the performance of assigned official duties and the personal activity of personnel aimed at self-improvement. The article also reveals the factors influencing the formation and development of professional qualities of the personnel of the Russian Guard in the process of service and combat activities: – service and professional factors – are formed in a purposefully controlled process of service and combat activities, and include: classes in combat (professional) training, performance of duties of combat service (in a military dress), moral and psychological support, other areas of service and combat activities; – environmental factors – have an indirect effect on the personnel, these include: information environment, military collective, family, friends, acquaintances, military rituals, wearing military uniforms, military symbols; – personal factors – reflect the intrapersonal level of mental activity of servicemen (employees) and imply in themselves: motivation for self-improvement, personal activity and professional reflection. Conclusion. It is concluded that it is necessary to optimize the process of educating Rosguard personnel by covering all areas of military professional activity.
Keywords: 
serviceman, Rosgvardia, professional education, combat (professional) training, combat service, moral and psychological support, service and combat activities, personality activity, professional reflection, self-improvement process
Please register
References: 

1. Antoniuk, A. V., 2018. Characteristics of the cognitive characteristics and emotional states of military personnel. Bulletin of modern research, 10.7 (25), pp. 15–18. (In Russ.)
2. Budanov, A. V., Latkova, I. A., 1997. Professional education in the educational process of the educational institution of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. Moscow: Academy of Management of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, 5 p. (In Russ.)
3. Veselov, A. P., 1961. Professional education in the USSR: essays on the history of secondary and lower vocational education. Moscow: Proftekhizdat Publ., 231 p. (In Russ.)
4. Demina, M. A., 2005. Professional education of female military personnel of the internal troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia taking into account gender aspects. Cand. Sci. (Pedag.). St. Petersburg, 23 p. (In Russ.)
5. Dyachenko, N. N., 1978. Professional education of youth. Moscow: Higher. School Publ., 216 p. (In Russ.)
6. Evstifeev, A. V., 2011. Professional education of servicemen under contract in the socio-cultural environment of units of the internal troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. Cand. Sci. (Pedag.). Moscow, 24 p. (In Russ.)
7. Zholdasbaeva, B. A., Ashirbaev, Kh. A., Konashev, R. A., Smanova, B. I., Zholdasova, A. A., 2015. Problems of personality activity in education. International Journal of Experimental Education, 11-5, pp. 662–663. (In Russ.)
8. Ivanov, E. N., 2008. Military-patriotic education of cadets of military universities through cinema. Cand. Sci. (Pedag.). Magnitogorsk, 22 p. (In Russ.)
9. Kosolapova, L. A., 2018. Formation of the readiness of graduates to act in a situation of uncertainty in the learning process on the basis of the mutual transitions “practice-theory” and “theory-practice” in the open educational space of a pedagogical university. Bulletin of the Bashkir State Pedagogical University. M. Akmulla, 1 (45), pp. 65–72. (In Russ.)
10. Korzhan, E. A., 2019. The main factors of attitudes towards the army in the context of the dynamics of social transformations in a multiethnic Russian society. The positive potential of Islam as a factor of ethnosocial consolidation in Russia. Materials of the international scientific and practical conference. Adyghe State University, pp. 122–125. (In Russ.)
11. Levshin, S. V., 2008. Self-improvement of the individual in the pedagogical process. Izvestiya of the Russian State Pedagogical University. A. I. Herzen, No. 69, pp. 433-436. (In Russ.)
12. Lobanov, I. A., 2020. Self-development of personal and professional qualities of an officer. Bulletin of the Adyghe State University. Series 3: Pedagogy and Psychology, 1 (253), pp. 37–41. (In Russ.)
13. Malkov, T. V., Baranov, A. Yu. 2020. The role of professional reflection as a means of forming a teacher’s professional competence. Questions of pedagogy, 7-2, pp. 93–96. (In Russ.)
14. Meshkov, E. P., 2012. Innovations in information security management of military personnel of the armed forces of the Russian Federation. Power, 9, pp. 44–46. (In Russ.)
15. Novikov, I. N., 2020. Formation of a high moral and psychological state of personnel in the process of combat training. Problems of the development of a technical support system in the troops of the National Guard of the Russian Federation and ways to solve them in cooperation with other types of support: an interuniversity collection of scientific and practical materials. Issue 3. Perm: PVI of the National Guard Troops Publ., 418 p. (In Russ.)
16. Gutnik, G. F., 1971. Education among cadets of higher naval schools of love for the profession of an officer of the USSR Navy. Cand. Sci. (Pedag.). Leningrad, 24 p. (In Russ.)
17. On the troops of the National Guard of the Russian Federation: Federal Law of the Russian Federation of July 3, 2016 No. 226-FZ [online]. Available at: https://base.garant.ru/71433920/ (accessed 27.03.2021). (In Russ.)
18. Ponomarenko, V. A., 1996. Aviation – white and black. Moscow: Science Publ., 85 p. (In Russ.)
19. Ponomarenko, V. A., 1998. Aviation. Human. Spirit. Moscow: Universum Publ., 51 p. (In Russ.)
20. Razgonov, V. L., 2016. Value guidelines of professional education of cadets in the educational process of a military university. Cand. Sci. (Pedag.). Omsk, 23 p. (In Russ.)
21. Smirnov, R. V., 2019. Pedagogical strategies for the development of professional education of military personnel of the troops of the national guard. Cand. Sci. (Pedag.). St. Petersburg, 25 p. (In Russ.)
22. Sokolova, G. N., 1984. Labor culture in the social development of the working class. Minsk: Science and technology Publ., 85 p. (In Russ.)
23. Usanin, S. N., Usanin, S. S., Ruzaev, N. V., 2019. The main directions of professional training of future specialists in technical protection of information for professional activities. Bulletin of the Baltic State Academy of the Fishing Fleet: Psychological and Pedagogical Sciences, 3 (49), pp. 137–141. (In Russ.)
24. Factor. Great Soviet Encyclopedia. Moscow: Soviet encyclopedia Publ., 1969–1978. (In Russ.)
25. Fomenko, S. I., 2016. Patriotic education of future officers in the educational process of a military university based on the system-activity approach. Cand. Sci. (Pedag.). Veliky Novgorod, 198 p. (In Russ.)
26. Frizen, M. A., 2020. The value-semantic component of the professional activity of a psychologist. Yaroslavl Pedagogical Bulletin, 6 (117), pp. 88–104. (In Russ.)
27. Shadrikov, V. D., 1996. Professionally important qualities. Psychology of activity and ability. Moscow: Logos Publ., 66 p. (In Russ.)
28. Sharshov, I. A., Makarova, L. N., Borzykh, I. N., 2016. The content of professional education of students in a modern university. Psychological and pedagogical journal Gaudeamus. T. 15, no. 4, pp. 31–36. (In Russ.)
29. Yakovleva, V. N., Reskalenko, S. V., 2018. Military rituals as a means of educating military personnel. Moral education in the modern world: Psychological and pedagogical aspect. Collection of articles of the international scientific and practical conference. Ufa, pp. 116–118. (In Russ.)
30. Yakubovskaya, O. M., 2013. Pedagogical conditions for the versatile education of servicemen under the contract of the internal troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. Cand. Sci. (Pedag.). St. Petersburg, 24 p. (In Russ.)